了解运动员身体成分和体重基于“增大化现实”技术e closely related to athletic performance. Sports that demand a specific aesthetic, such as dance; have weight classes, such as wrestling; or are bodyweight driven, such as running and cycling, put more emphasis on achieving a lighter, leaner body. Power-to-weight ratios, range of motion and energy efficiencies are examples of areas where weight loss can be beneficial to athletic performance, but careful attention to nutrition and health needs should be considered when embarking on a mission for lower body weight.
不幸的是，对于那些开始限制少量卡路里的道路的运动员来说，这是很常见的，因为他们看到减肥的好处，因此开始将事情带到太远的过程中。万博彩票下载安卓狗万体育买球从健康的饮食控制到严重的食物限制和无序饮食趋势的这种螺旋形式很快就会发生，而且常常没有意识。对饮食太少的关注是短期运动表现的陷阱，而长期健康状况不佳。
Severely restricting calorie intake may eventually lead to some or all of the following negative conditions.
STALLED WEIGHT LOSS
对于能量消耗而饮食太少的最常见效果（最混淆运动员的能量）可能是减肥。万博彩票下载安卓狗万体育买球在某个时候，运动员认为他们不会减轻饮食越来越少，他们不会减轻任何额外的体重。这是由于人体节省了足够的燃料来满足生活和训练的需求。通常，达到这个的运动员减肥高原see a resurgence in weight loss when they begin to adequately fuel the body.
功率降低
肌肉质量是合成代谢的，在建筑物的过程中意味着 - 建筑需要材料（食物能量）。通过剥夺能量的身体，您可能会降低肌肉质量，因此无法在相同的功率输出下执行。
增加疲劳
When your body isn’t getting enough food,sleep suffers身体进入了一种试图不花费任何其他能量的冬眠。成为一名优秀的运动员就是要花费充足的精力。
营养缺乏
Restricting calories comes with consuming lessvital nutrients（维生素，矿物质，植物营养素），并使您的身体面临许多与缺乏症相关的健康状况不佳的风险。尽管补充剂可以提供帮助，但它们是禁忌替换全食物来源的。
LOW BONE DENSITY
This is a specific form of nutrient deficiency. When calcium isn’t coming into the body through calcium-rich foods, your body pulls it from your bones. This leaves your bones weak, brittle and at greater risk for fractures and breaks; two common injuries that take athletes away from training.
POOR RECOVERY
Training adaptations are made when the body is able to bounce back stronger after each session. It requires a large amount of energy (expended in the form of excess运动后消耗) to repair muscle tissues and restore your body’s normal resting state. When you’re depriving the body of fuel, it cannot use the energy it needs for this function.
RESPIRATORY INFECTION
Endurance athletes are at risk for upper respiratory infections during periods of heavy training and competition. Restricting intake complicates this further because it leads to a lack of antioxidants, vitamin C, zinc, copper and carbohydrates, which play vital roles in maintaining immune health.
HORMONE IMBALANCE
长期避免食用足够的碳水化合物的女性使他们的身体面临可能不可逆的荷尔蒙问题的风险。激素在人体健康中起着如此大而多样化的作用，以至于这些负面影响包括骨骼健康不良，不规则或缺席月经，情绪波动，睡眠障碍，疲劳，生育能力和增加的伤害风险。
心脏异常
To limit the amount of energy being used, the body lowers heart rate and stroke volume. These effects are seen in individuals chronically consuming diets far below what the body needs, which puts an athlete at serious risk of sudden cardiac arrest.
POOR PERFORMANCE
运动员陷入关注绩效指标上，而不是一般健康。在短期内，质量减少时通常会提高性能。但是，随着时间的流逝，饮食不良会恶化健康，并限制了身体的能力。看到停滞或降低性能结果是您的饮食不足以满足能量需求的很大指标。
尽管女性长期以来一直是犯罪不足的焦点，但营养不良和饱受苦难不仅是女运动员问题。当前的趋势证明了体重依赖运动中的男性像骑自行车一样容易出现危险的饮食行为。In fact, the classic ‘Female Athlete Triad,’ a condition relating poor energy balance to amenorrhea, low-bone density and underweight BMI, has been renamed to Relative Energy Deficiency in Sport (or Red-S), a broader, more gender-inclusive condition. Red-S encompasses all the above symptoms as they relate to low energy availability in athletes. Energy availability (EA) is a key metric in evaluating an athlete’s health and performance. EA is defined as caloric intake minus caloric output of training, divided by kilograms of fat-free body mass. To be able to cover all the energy lost training and all other metabolic processes, consistently low EA (less than 30cal/kg) puts an athlete at risk for the aforementioned conditions and ultimately crushes any chance of achieving goals and a stellar performance.
底线
In some cases, losing weight may be necessary to improve health and get the extra edge you need to perform at a more competitive level. However, if losing weight is your goal, it should be approached in a strategic, slow and healthful way with ample support and assistance from a professional. If you’re concerned you might not be eating enough, seek a sports dietitian to help fine tune and optimize your dietary intake to meet your specific cycling performance goals while maintaining your health.
