RD的餐前碳水化合物装载计划

Lori Russell,MS RD CSSD
经过Lori Russell,MS RD CSSD
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RD的餐前碳水化合物装载计划

大多数运动员了解碳水化合物的负载是什么:吸收大量的碳水化合物来脱离糖原店。虽然碳水化合物的载荷是耐力事件之前竞争对手的普遍做法,但通常会错误地进行操作,从而否定绩效收益。更详细地了解这种做法的基础可以帮助您实现自己追随的性能。

基础知识

To get the most out of your carbohydrate load, aim for the right kind of carbs — simple, high-carbohydrate foods that are also low in fiber, protein and fat, like 100% juice, white pasta, dried fruit and tomato sauce. While donuts and pizza are high in carbohydrates, they also contain high amounts of fat and protein which slows the absorption of fuel and makes the body feel more sluggish leading up to your race. Empty calorie carbohydrate sources, like candy and soda, are also not advised as they cause sugar cravings and energy imbalances.

In addition to choosing the right carbs, aim for the right amount. Daily calorie intake should stay roughly the same during this carb-loading period as it was during your training. As you’re likely tapering and working out less, those extra calories will be used for race day energy. About 70% of your daily carbohydrate intake should be from appropriate carbohydrate sources with the remaining 25% split between roughly 10% protein and 20% fat.

Good carbohydrate sources to consume during your taper include:

选择错误的碳水化合物来源可能会使您肿,便秘和迟钝。为了避免这些问题,请重点关注上面列出的碳水化合物来源。平衡是关键;来自整个碳水化合物源(如土豆)的纤维对于保持养分高并且肠道顺利至关重要,但这不是时候过度浮出水面。在此期间,添加简单的碳水化合物来源是有益的,但绝不应该成为摄入量的唯一来源。吃碳水化合物富含碳水化合物的食物始终是一个安全的选择;这不是烹饪实验的时候!

当碳水化合物加载是体重增加时,要记住的一个重要事实将发生。幸运的是,这种体重只是水重,在比赛中会很快耗尽。对于您存储的每克糖原(用于该个人记录!),您的身体将固定在大约3克水中。您正确加载的一个好兆头是在比赛的早晨看到2-4磅的增长。

定时

在60年代,在碳水化合物加载的早期,该做法包括一段时间或非常低碳水化合物的摄入量,然后进行了一周的加载。人们认为这可以使身体能够吸收大量碳水化合物,但此后一直建议您在锥度时期缺乏证据和情绪增加。在事件前吃正常,平衡的饮食,最后两天是高碳水化合物,足以使能量储存量。

在这两天中,请保持相同的饮食方式 - 饭菜和零食大约在正常的时间相同。如果您参加活动,这可能很棘手。全天均匀地隔离碳水化合物有助于消化和能量平衡问题。许多运动员发现在午餐时间里消耗较大的碳水化合物饭的餐点会留出更多时间进行适当的消化和更高的能量水平。

Here is an example of what a proper carbohydrate loading day looks like:

底线

碳水化合物负荷已被证明可以通过增加糖原的可用性来帮助提高性能。这种做法非常适合日复一日地进行几个小时训练或进行一场比赛的关键比赛,例如半程或全程马拉松比赛的理想选择。每个运动员对碳水化合物载荷期间最能消耗的食物的时机和类型的反应不同。

最好是测试你的碳水化合物负载时long training workout or prep race before your target race. If you’re trying it out, remember to drink plenty of water and that weight gain is typical as more water is stored in the body when carb consumption is higher.

这是在比赛当天燃烧的能量,当您停止负载时会迅速耗尽。有关碳水化合物加载的更多问题?与您的体育营养师联系以获取更多信息,并为您设计计划。

Have you tried carb loading before? Share your experience for others to learn about!

关于作者

Lori Russell,MS RD CSSD
Lori Russell,MS RD CSSD

洛里, MS RD CSSD is an accomplished sports dietitian; she holds a Master’s Degree in Human Nutrition and Certification as a Specialist in Sports Nutrition. As a current professional road cyclist and previous elite marathoner and ultra-runner,洛里第一手知道食物可以提高或降低性能的增长。她了解平衡优质全食饮食与科学支持的表演营养的重要性,并努力与他人分享此信息。了解有关她的更多信息@HungryForResults

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