关于购买肉，家禽和海鲜的7件事

这些天，在杂货店浏览肉类和海鲜盒会感到不知所措。这different labels are endless— organic, grass-fed, wild-caught,免费范围并没有抗生素的饲养，仅举几例，许多人带有大量的价格标价。

最终，您选择购买的肉类，家禽和海鲜的类型取决于两者budgetand个人喜好。To make an informed decision, here are seven important things to know:

主要区别organic传统的肉类和家禽是抗生素和/或添加激素的存在。也就是说，美国农业部的食品安全和检验服务（FSIS）严格检查美国出售的所有肉类和家禽。一定痕量的抗生素和growth hormones被认为是人类消费的安全 - 它的数量很少，实际上远低于显示的最低剂量，如果一生中每天食用会造成伤害。FSIS的公共事务专家Buck McKay说：“ FSIS强加了食品药物管理局对抗生素的耐受水平，并增加了激素。”超过这些水平的产品“被谴责并禁止用作人类食品”。

当涉及有机食品和常规食物时research说目前不可能确定一个人是否比另一个更好的整体健康状况更好。但是，常规的肉和家禽有时含有抗生素，而有机肉则不含抗生素。

According to theCenters for Disease Control（CDC），“有充分的证据表明食用动物中的抗生素使用会导致人类的抗性感染”，因为通过食物暴露于这些抗生素可能会使人们更容易受到抗生素耐药性细菌的影响。虽然这非常罕见，但“如果您仍然担心抗生素耐药性的可能性，请选择有机肉标记为“无抗生素饲养”，”Abby Langer，路。

一些常规的肉类生产者将奶牛和绵羊注入生长激素，以加快其生长。（无论是有机的还是常规的，都不能在家禽上使用。尽管researchshows levels of growth hormones in conventional meat aren’t enough to have an impact on human health, some people prefer to avoid them anyway. The best way to do this, says Langer, is to buy organic meat.

You’ve likely heard grass-fed beef is superior to grain-fed, which isn’t necessarily true. TheFSIS labeling standardfor “grass-fed” doesn’t say anything about antibiotics or growth hormones, meaning grass-fed beef might still contain them.

Moreover, the idea that grass-fed beef is a good source of healthyomega-3脂肪酸is somewhat overblown. Whilegrass-fed beef与谷物喂养的牛肉相比，欧米茄3的含量还不到5％salmon。换句话说，草食和谷物喂养的牛肉都不是Omega-3的重要来源。鉴于前者的价格高昂，您可能会坚持使用谷物喂养的牛肉。

由于路fish and shellfishare raised, it’s impossible to classify them as conventional or organic, says Langer. Instead, they’re classified as wild-caught or farm-raised. Wild-caught seafood eat a natural diet and tend to be slightly lower in saturated fat than farm-raised varieties. The latter can be slightly higher in omega-3’s due to the farm’s fortified feed.

这most important consideration when choosing seafood, however, is whether or not it was sustainably raised, says Langer. While this is more of an environmental issue, it also has consequences for health (i.e., less mercury from water pollution).

自美国农业部没有再保险gulate sustainability, you’ll need to rely on third-party labels. Labels from the Seafood Watch, Marine Stewardship Council (MSC), Global Trust for wild-caught fish, Global Aquaculture Alliance (GAA), Best Aquaculture Practices, Global Good Aquaculture Practices (Global GAP) and Friends of the Sea are all vetted and considered trustworthy.

尽管当前的美国农业部指南建议至少吃两个4盎司鱼的食物一周，大多数人没有那么多。预算和口味偏好是两个原因，但对汞的关注是另一种原因。汞含量过高，汞是有害的，尤其是对孕妇和婴儿。

To limit your exposure, choose low-mercury options (such as anchovies, sardines and tilapia) whenever possible, and limit high-mercury picks (like tuna and mackerel) to once a week. The Natural Resources Defense Council (NRDC) regularly updatesits listof low-, moderate- and high-mercury species.

家禽应该是粉红色的，而不是灰色。肉应为深粉红色或红色，不要暗淡棕色。在海鲜方面，闻起来是检查新鲜度的好方法：它不应该闻起来太“腥”，如果闻起来像氨气，您应该扔掉它。

Proper food storage包装不仅可以使食物新鲜更长，而且还可以防止有害细菌形成。检查每个包裹的卖出或最佳购买日期，并确保没有任何孔，划痕或凹痕。冰箱外壳中的所有东西都应该很冷，冰箱中的所有东西都应完全冷冻。为了确保肉类，家禽和海鲜保持尽可能的冷，最好将它们添加到购物车中，并在回家后立即将它们放下。